List of Umayyad Caliphs 1: Muawiyah I(41-60/661-680) 2: Yazid I(60-64/680-683) 3:…
"Muawiya's most lasting innovation was his designation of his son Yazid as hi…
THE UMAYYAD IN POWER (660-749 A.D.) POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE UMAYYAD DYNASTY The fi…
People settled in areas where they could farm, and herded flocks of sheep and goats in…
PREISLAMIC NEAR EAST: AN OVERVIEW BACKGROUND OF THE ARABIAN PENINSULA The Arabian p…
Introduction: Origin and development of Sufism: Sufism has been described in many diff…
Introduction: Ibn Sina was born in 980 C.E. in the village of Afshana near Bukhara. I…
Introduction: Abu'l Waleed Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Rushd, known as Ave…
Introduction : Yaqub Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (800-873 A.D.): Abu Yousuf Yaqub Ibn Ishaq al-…
Introduction: Ahmad ibn Hanbal (164 A.H.-241 A.H.)veryBorn in Baghdad, ibn Hanbal cam…
Imam Shafe'i (150 A.H.-204 A.H.): Introduction: Being raised by a poor family in…
Abu Hanifa (80 A.H.-150 A.H.): Introduction: Abu Hanifa was from Persian descent and w…
Malik ibn Anas (97 A.H.-179 A.H.) Malik ibn Anas was born in the city of Madinah. At …
Introduction: Prophet Muhammad (SAWW) taught theological dogmas to his adherents. He …
CULTURAL: Arabic Poetry: Arabic poetry was rich in eloquence and imagery but it was l…
Supremacy of the Quran and the Sunnah: The Holy Quran enjoins upon the believers to ob…
1: Social Conditions: Arabia was a male-dominated society. Women had no status of any…
Political Conditions: The most notable feature of the political conditions of Arabia …
The Battle of Siffin: The above situation forced Hazrat Ali (R.A.) to march out agai…
The Battle of Camel (Jaml): Soon a full scale war started. Hundreds of Muslims fell on…
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